Aims: Due to the high consumption of PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA, it is necessary to prepare its amino acid profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the proximate composition and amino acid profile of PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA and Yellowtail BARRACUDA fillet in autumn and spring. Materials & Methods: The present experimental study was carried out on PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA and Yellowtail BARRACUDA in autumn and spring. The fish were equivalently divided in 2 groups of male and female in 3 clusters, each containing 7 fish. The total amino acid composition was performed by liquid chromatography. The data were analyzed by GRAPHPADPRISM 5 software, using unpaired T test.Findings: In two species, moisture in autumn was higher than spring, but, compared to autumn, the amount of fat, protein, and total ash had a significant difference in spring. In spring, the essential/nonessential (E/NE) amino acid ratio and aromatic amino acids did not have any significant differences in two species, but other measures had significant differences. In autumn, the E/NE ratio and acidic amino acids did not have any significant differences. Chemical indices were more than 1 based on the needs of the adult human. In two species, Leucine showed depletion in the range of 2 to 5 years in autumn and spring.Conclusion: Both species have a higher moisture in autumn, but the amount of fat, protein, and total ash in spring is higher than autumn. The most common amino acids in both seasons are Glutamic acid and Aspartic acid. Regarding the essential amino acids, there is no depletion in adult human necessity in two species in two seasons. Based on the needs of children aged 2 to 5 years, Leucine has depletion in both species.

The PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA, Sphyraena jello Cuvier, 1829, is the most common species of BARRACUDA in Oman Waters but its basic biological information is still absent, hence this study was conducted. A total of 662 individuals were sampled in the Dhofar region along the southwest coast of Oman in the Arabian Sea from June 2021 to May 2022. The length-weight relationship for combined sexes was W=0. 0151 TL2. 7221. The average monthly values of the gonado-somatic index and the percentage of different maturity stages of gonads for males and females indicated that S. jello spawns throughout the year, with spawning peaking from June to August. The length at first maturity was estimated at 71. 9 cm TL for males and 74. 0 cm TL for females and the age at first maturity was 4. 1 and 4. 3 years, respectively. The determination of age derived from the sectioned otolith reading revealed that the age of the studied fish varied from one to 24 years with the dominant age of 3 years old. The longevity of S. jello was calculated at 27 years old. The values of growth parameters in von Bertalanffy growth function for combined sexes were estimated as: L∞=161. 18 cm, K=0. 119 уr-1 and to=-0. 88. The present study indicates that S. jello is a long-lived species with slow growth rate, so it is vulnerable to overfishing. Further monitoring studies of S. jello are needed to develop scientifically sound and effective management measures for their fishery.

total of 311 specimens were collected from November 2006 to October 2007. We estimated Population parameters from length frequency data. These cases consist of the von Bertalanffy growth parameters and mortality, as well as exploitation rate. The result indicated that PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA had L¥=109.21 cm total length, K=0.37 and theoretical age at zero length, t0=-0.5 The total mortality rate (Z) was estimated to be 1.91, the fishing mortality rate (F) and the natural mortality (M) were 1.30 and 0.61, respectively. The exploitation rate (E) was 0.68. The exploitation rate indicated that the stockis in high pressure of catch and overexploited.

To aim health risk assessment and determination of consumption rate limit of King soldier bream (Argyrops spinifer), PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA (Sphyraena jello), and Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipteru japonicus), 33 fish specimen was harvest from Jofre fishing area. After transport fish to the laboratory, was prepared and concentration of heavy metal iron, manganese, and cobalt was measured by Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, (ICP-OES). The Concentration of heavy metal in the muscle of fish compared with international standards. For health risk assessment Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) and Total Target Hazard Quotients (TTHQ), for determination of consumption rate limit estimated daily intake (EDI) and estimated weekly intake (EWI), Consumption Rate Limit (CRlim) and Consumption Rate Limit meal month (CRmm) in two groups include adults and children were calculated. The Results showed that manganese content in all three fish species (36. 59 to 55. 48 µgr/gr) more than the world health organization (WHO) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Also Cobalt content in Argyrops spinifer and Sphyraena jello (66. 62 and 0. 38 µgr/gr) more than WHO. According to THQ, TTHQ, EDI, and EWI, the Consumption of none of the three fish species had not health risk for the consumer. Additional to the highest CRlim in adults and children determinate as in Argyrops spinifer and Sphyraena jello was manganese, respectively (10. 12 and 2. 17 µgr/gr), (29. 36 and 6. 29 µgr/gr) and in Nemipteru japonicus (184. 25 and 39. 48 µgr/gr) Cobalt determinate.

Background and Objectives: After catching fish, various changes occur in the fish body and as a result of these changes the quality of the fish gradually decreases. This reduction in quality in fish is due to the growth and invasion of bacteria, autolysis process, lipid oxidation, physical and mechanical damage, that affects the freshness of the fish. Since freshness is one of the most important parameters in the fish market for the consumer, so the present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the freshness and quality of fish sold to the Chabahar fish market by using a combination of sensory, chemical and microbiological methods.Materials and Methods: In order to evaluate the freshness and quality, 30 fish belonging to 10 species including yellowfin sea bream (Acanthopagrus latus), frigate tuna (Auxis thazard), largemouth queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), shrimp scad (Alepes djedbada), tigertooth croaker (Otolithes ruber), PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA (Sphyraena jello), golden snapper (Lutjanus johnii), javelin grunter (Pomadasys kaakan) and goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa) were purchased from Chabahar fish market and immediately transferred to the laboratory after icing. The quality of the studied fish was evaluated using sensory, biochemical (TVN, TMA, TBA and pH) and microbial (mesophilic and psychrophilic) methods.Results: According to the results, in terms of sensory evaluation, no statistically significant difference was observed between different fishes (p>0.05), but the highest scores of sensory factors were related to tigertooth croaker (Otolithes ruber) and PICKHANDLE BARRACUDA (Sphyraena jello) and the lowest It was related to goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa). The results of biochemical evaluation showed that, except for pH, the highest amount of these indicators is related to Auxis thazard and Sardinella gibbosa, and there was a significant difference in the amount of TVN, TMA and TBA with other fish species (p<0.05). The bacterial counts in all samples was less than the permissible limit, but in Auxis thazard and Sardinella gibbosa, the number of mesophilic bacterial load was significantly higher than other fish (p<0.05), as well as the Also, the lowest and highest psychrophilic bacterial load was related to Otolithes ruber and Auxis thazard, which were significantly different from each other (p<0.05).Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that the fish sold in the Chabahar fish market are of suitable and acceptable quality, and fatty fish such as sardines are more susceptible to spoilage than low fat fish because in this species TMA with a rate of 7.48 ± 1.00 mg/100 g reached the permissible level of spoilage.

This study has been conducted during April 2010 to March 2011 in Sistan and Baluchestan waters to evaluate Sphyraena putnamae’s diet. 165 specimens were biometric, dissection and  biological study (diet). Diet studied of this fish showed by having average RLG of 0.43 0.003 is highly carnivor and more than 96% of their stomachs were filled with fishes (FP=96%). During study period, food preferences index (FP) was high for Sardinella longiceps (23.8%), Rastrelliger kanagurta (11.1%) and Stolephorus indicus (7.9%) but was low for Sphyraena sp., Saurida sp. and Uroteuthis davancel (1.6% each). CV average for whole period was 71.52% and that showed this fish is abstemious but according to fishing method, CV index in September which was (32%) should be considered as correct index for this type which showed this fish is gluttonous. Average fullness index (FI) was 28.48% in whole period.

Introduction: Due to the abundance and durability of plastic waste, especially in marineenvironments, it has caused significant environmental effects and has become one of the mostserious threats to oceans and biodiversity. Microplastics (1 micrometer to 5 mm), are animportant component of marine plastic pollution. The growing concern over the negative effectsof microplastics on human health has heightened attention to their presence in aquaticenvironments and edible aquatic animals. Therefore, the main goal of this research is toinvestigate the presence and quantitative (abundance and size) and qualitative (shape and color)microplastics in the digestive system of blackfin BARRACUDA (Sphyraena genie) in the Oman Sea.Material and Methods: For this research, 27 pieces of S. genie with an average total length of42.5 ± 5.36 cm and total weight of 353.5 ± 2.5 grams were collected by local fishermen using gillnets from the northern shores of the Oman Sea were collected in the winter of 2020 and bioassayedafter being transferred to the laboratory. The extraction of microplastics was done by digesting thedigestive system with ten percent KOH and then vacuum filtration. Identification, counting anddetermining the characteristics of microplastics (shape, size and color) were done bystereomicroscope. Particle dimensions (μm) were measured using ImageJ software.Results and Discussion: According to the obtained results, 285 plastic particles were detected inthe S. genie on the coast of Oman. All the examined fish had microplastics in their digestivesystem. The average abundance of 10.5 ± 5.19 particles per individual and 0.8 ± 0.2 particles pergram of wet weight microplastics were observed in the digestive system of fish. The mostidentified microplastics were in the form of fiber (abundance: 73%), irregular fragments (26%)and film (1%). The identified microplastics were of various dark and light colors. The colorcombination according to abundance was black > gray > transparent > cream > red > blue anddark red > green and brown > pink and white > dark blue and peach. About half of themicroplastics were shorter than 300 μm in length, while only about 9% of the microplasticparticles were between 1 and 5 mm in length. In terms of size, microplastics were classified intoeight groups: category one (size: 1-100 micrometers; 64 microplastics), category two (100-300micrometers; 85 microplastics), category three (300-500 micrometers; 45 microplastics), categoryfour (1 mm-500 micrometers; 66 microplastics) category five (1-2 mm; 19 microplastic), categorysix (2-3 mm; 5 microplastic), category seven (3-4 mm; 1 microplastic) and category eight (4-5mm; without microplastics). The size of the fragments of microplastics was smaller than the fiber,and most of the fragments were less than 100 micrometers in size. Considering the small size ofmost microplastic particles and the presence of small fish remains (skulls, scales and gill fibers)and shell fragments in the digestive system of fish and the carnivorous diet of the S. genie, it canbe assumed that the source of the microplastic particles swallowed by these fish, which representenvironmental pollution with plastic waste is the secondary microplastics in this area.Conclusion: Microplastic particles were observed in the digestive tract of all the examinedsamples of S. genie. The isolated microplastics were in the form of fiber, irregular fragmentsand films. Black, gray, and transparent colors were evident as the dominant colors, and fiberwas the dominant shape in microplastics. Microplastics with a size of 1 mm and less were themost abundant (92%) size. The existence of microplastics in the investigated fish leads toecological and health concerns. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the entry of plasticpollutants into the marine environment.

BARRACUDA is one of the commercial fishes, which catch every year in the southern fishing grounds of Iran. This study aimed to achieve biomass of Sphyraena jello in Bushehr Province coastal waters, South of Iran. For this purpose R/V vessel in depth layers of C1, C2, C3 and D1, D2, D3 and E2, E3 was used to investigate. Sampling was conducted for 10 days in January 2011. From total 43 hauling in different depth and layers, 1050 kg Sphyraena jello were caught. The biomass were calculated 8163.2 Kg. Maximum and minimum of biomass were estimated in depth layer 10-20 (26.83±10.62 Kg/hours) form C1 region and 20-30 (33.7±15.27 Kg/hours) from E2, respectively. Total Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was calculated 11859.2 Kg/Nautical miles for BARRACUDA in Bushehr waters. In terms of different regions and depth, maximum CPUA were calculated 7709.3 Kg/Nautical miles in north region of Bushehr province waters and 52233.09 Kg/Nautical miles in 10-20 depth Layer, respectively. In addition, maximum biomass investigated 6007.8 Kg in north region of Bushehr province waters and 3765.4 Kg 30-50 depth layer.

The inevitable use of medical imaging examinations and lack of a suitable alternative lead to the need to control and minimize the amount of radiation from such artificial medical sources. To assess the relation between exposure parameters and lifetime of radiology devices, quality control tests were carried out on 13 radiology devices in 11 general hospitals. In this study, a BARRACUDA dosimeter, SE-43137 Sweden, was calibrated to measure and record the quantities of kVp, mAs and exposure parameters. In all the devices using applying the minimum and maximum values of kVp, the minimum and maximum values of the internal resistances were calculated. The lowest mR/ mA for the device C was observed at a flow rate of 200 mA (equal to 2, 425), while the highest value was for the device A (2) at a current intensity of 200 mA (equal to 14. 625). By increasing the age of the device, the output of the device is reduced. Therefore, to compensate for this decrease in the output, higher exposure conditions are usually applied to the device, which can greatly increase the damage to the device.